The short answer is that most of what you spend running your restaurant is deductible. The real question is whether you’re tracking everything properly so you actually capture those deductions at tax time.

Cost of goods sold is your largest deduction. Every ingredient, beverage, and paper product you purchase to serve customers reduces your taxable revenue. This includes proteins, produce, dairy, dry goods, alcohol, to-go containers, and anything else that goes out the door with food. Track these purchases carefully because they often represent 25-35% of revenue.

Labor costs are fully deductible. Wages, salaries, employer payroll taxes, workers’ comp insurance, and any health insurance or retirement contributions you make for employees all count. Tips you pay out aren’t your expense since that’s customer money, but the payroll taxes you pay on reported tips are deductible.

Rent and utilities are straightforward deductions. Electric, gas, water, trash service, and any common area maintenance fees in your lease agreement all qualify. If you own the building, property taxes are deductible instead.

Equipment and furniture get deducted but the timing varies. Major purchases like a new oven, walk-in cooler, or POS system are capital expenses. You either depreciate them over several years or take an immediate deduction under Section 179. Your accountant handles the specifics, but make sure these purchases are documented and recorded properly.

Smallwares and supplies are deductible in the year you buy them. Plates, glasses, utensils, cleaning products, uniforms, and linens. These add up quickly and are easy to overlook if you’re not tracking receipts.

Marketing and advertising count too. Your website, social media ads, printed menus, signage, and any sponsorships or local advertising you purchase. Credit card processing fees and delivery platform commissions are deductible as well. Those DoorDash fees hurt your margin, but at least you’re not paying taxes on that money.

Professional services are deductible. Restaurant bookkeeping, accounting fees, legal costs, and consultants you bring in all qualify. Insurance premiums for liability, property, and liquor coverage are deductible too.

Licenses and permits count. Your health department permits, Arkansas business licenses, any music licensing fees for BMI or ASCAP, and alcohol permits are all deductible operating costs.

Repairs and maintenance are deductible in the year you pay for them. Fixing equipment, patching the roof, or repairing the HVAC system. Improvements that extend an asset’s life get capitalized instead of expensed immediately, so the distinction matters.

Business meals follow specific rules. Taking a vendor to lunch is 50% deductible. Staff meals during shifts are usually 50% as well. Your own meals while working generally don’t count unless you’re traveling for business purposes.

What’s not deductible includes fines, penalties, personal expenses, and federal income taxes. Running personal purchases through the business creates problems beyond just the tax issue.

The deductions only work if you can prove them. Keep receipts, use a business bank account and credit card, and categorize expenses correctly in your books. A bookkeeper near Fayetteville who understands restaurant operations can make sure nothing slips through the cracks. Missing a few hundred dollars in deductions each month adds up to thousands by year end.