Landlords can deduct most ordinary and necessary expenses related to managing and maintaining rental property. The major categories include mortgage interest, property taxes, insurance, repairs, depreciation, and professional services.

Mortgage interest is typically the largest cash expense you can write off. You deduct interest paid on loans used to buy or improve the rental property. Property taxes paid to your local government are also fully deductible against rental income.

Depreciation works differently from other deductions because you’re not writing a check for it. The IRS allows you to deduct a portion of the building’s cost each year over 27.5 years for residential rentals. This non-cash deduction often reduces taxable rental income significantly, sometimes creating a paper loss even when cash flow is positive. Land isn’t depreciable, only the structure, so you need to allocate your purchase price correctly.

Repairs and maintenance are deductible in the year you pay for them. This includes fixing leaky faucets, patching drywall, replacing broken appliances, and routine work like landscaping or pest control. The distinction between repairs and improvements matters. Repairs restore the property to its previous condition and get deducted immediately. Improvements add value or extend the property’s life and must be depreciated over time. Replacing a broken window is a repair. Replacing all the windows with upgraded models is an improvement.

Insurance premiums for landlord policies, liability coverage, and umbrella policies protecting your rental activity are all deductible. Property management fees count too if you hire someone to handle tenant relations and maintenance.

Professional services including accountant fees, attorney costs for lease reviews or evictions, and monthly bookkeeping reduce your taxable rental income. Travel expenses to inspect or maintain the property are deductible, including mileage if you drive to collect rent or handle repairs yourself.

Utilities you pay as the landlord can be written off. Advertising costs to find tenants, whether online listings or yard signs, are deductible. Tenant screening services and credit check fees count too. Even supplies like cleaning materials between tenants or tools for minor repairs qualify.

One area landlords sometimes overlook is the home office deduction if you manage properties from a dedicated space in your home and meet the IRS requirements for exclusive business use.

The deductions available to landlords are extensive, but taking them requires tracking expenses throughout the year. Working with a bookkeeper near Gentry who understands rental property accounting helps ensure you’re capturing all legitimate deductions and categorizing them correctly for Schedule E reporting. Waiting until tax time to reconstruct what you spent means you’ll miss deductions and struggle to document what you do claim.